Investment funds are collective investment instruments that pool the funds of investors and invest it in an investment portfolio that is comprised of bonds, stocks or other assets. Each fund has a manager that makes decisions about which assets to purchase and which to sell, and also charges an administrative fee to manage the fund. There are various kinds of investment funds, such as unit trusts (UCITS), OEICs and open ended investment companies (OEIGCs).
When investing in funds, it is essential to consider the reasons you are doing so as well as your investment profile, which reflects your risk tolerance, and how long you’re planning to invest. For example, younger investors might have more time on their side and are more comfortable with a higher amount of risk to increase their growth in the longer term.
When it comes to saving one of the most effective methods to reduce risk is to diversify. Diversification refers to spreading your money over different classes of assets that have lower correlations in their price movements. This allows you to counter the loss in one particular asset class through the gain of another asset class.
Smart beta, also known as low-cost investment is another option to reduce risk. These are passively managed fund that try to replicate the movement of a particular index of the stock market, such as the FTSE 100 or S&P 500 without the need for human judgement.